The equation CuSO4 + NH3 -> Cu(NH3)4SO4

  1. The chemical equation above illustrates the reaction between copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) and ammonia (NH3), forming tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate (Cu(NH3)4SO4). In this equation, CuSO4 is transformed from a state not coordinated with NH3 to one that is coordinated with NH3. The term “coordination” refers to the chemical connection between ions and other molecules or ions through a pair of electrons.

  2. Reaction conditions: This reaction typically occurs at room temperature and standard pressure.

  3. Reaction process: When CuSO4 and NH3 are mixed together, CuSO4 will dissociate into Cu2+ and SO42-. Cu2+ will absorb 4 molecules of NH3 and form the complex structure [Cu(NH3)4]2+. Finally, [Cu(NH3)4]2+ will combine with SO42- to form the product Cu(NH3)4SO4.

  4. Phenomena that occur: When the reaction occurs, the blue solution of CuSO4 will change to a dark turquoise color due to the formation of the complex [Cu(NH3)4]2+.

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