The chemical equation is MgO + Na2CO3 -> MgCO3 + Na2O

The above chemical equation is a exchange reaction between magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) to produce magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃) and sodium oxide (Na₂O).

Reaction conditions: For the reaction to occur, sufficient temperature, pressure and a suitable reaction environment are required.

Reaction process:

• Magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) are mixed together and heated.
• At high temperatures, the molecules of MgO and Na₂CO₃ separate into individual ions, then reassemble to form new molecules, which are MgCO₃ and Na₂O.

Phenomenon occurs: When the reaction occurs, a change in the color of the initial mixture can be observed. For example, the mixture may change from the white color of MgO and Na₂CO₃ to the light yellow color of MgCO₃ and Na₂O. In addition, if the reaction occurs at high temperatures, a change in heat (exothermic or endothermic) can be observed.