What is Si? Important knowledge about Si.

1. Definition of Si:

Si, also known as Silicium (English name: Silicon) is a chemical element in the periodic table. The atomic mass of Si is 28.09 and it is in group 14, period 3. The molecular structure of Si is mainly SiO₂ and SiC. In its natural state, Si usually exists in the form of Si₄+ ions.

2. Properties of Si:

2.1 Physical properties of Si: Si is solid at standard temperature and pressure conditions. It has a metallic gray color, no smell, and a neutral PH level.

2.2 Chemical properties of Si: Si does not react with water under normal conditions, but it can react with hot water to produce silicon dioxide and hydro compounds.

3. Common chemical equations of Si: Si reacts with O₂ to form SiO₂; reacts with F₂ to form SiF₄; reacts with other halogens such as Cl₂, Br₂ to form similar compounds like SiCl₄, SiBr₄.

4. Preparation of Si:

4.1 Laboratory preparation of Si: Si can be prepared from silicon dioxide (SiO₂) by heating it with carbon in an electric furnace.

4.2 Industrial preparation of Si: In industry, Si is prepared from silicate ores or from silicon dioxide (glass) by heating it with carbon at very high temperatures in an electric arc furnace.