What is NH4Cl? Important knowledge about NH4Cl.

1. Definition of NH₄Cl

NH₄Cl, also known as ammonium chloride, is a white salt that is soluble in water. In English, this substance is called “Ammonium Chloride”. The atomic mass of ammonium chloride is 53.49. In an ammonium chloride molecule, there is one ammonium ion (NH₄+) and one chloride ion (Cl-). The ionic structure of this substance consists of one ammonium NH₄+ ion and one chloride Cl- ion.

2. Characteristics of NH₄Cl

2.1 Physical properties of NH₄Cl

NH₄Cl is a solid substance, white in color, odorless and has a weakly acidic PH in water (5.5).

2.2 Chemical properties of NH₄Cl

NH₄Cl can react with strong bases to form ammonia and corresponding salts. It can also decompose at high temperatures to produce ammonia and hydrochloric acid.

3. Common chemical equations of NH₄Cl

The reaction of NH₄Cl usually occurs with bases, producing ammonia and salt. For example:

• NH₄Cl + NaOH -> NH₃ + NaCl + H₂O
• NH₄Cl + KOH -> NH₃ + KCl + H₂O

4. Synthesis of NH₄Cl

4.1 Laboratory synthesis of NH₄Cl

NH₄Cl is typically synthesized from the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid:

• NH₃ + HCl -> NH₄Cl

4.2 Industrial synthesis of NH₄Cl

On an industrial scale, NH₄Cl is typically produced from ammonia and hydrochloric acid, following a process similar to that in the laboratory.