What is LiOH? Important knowledge about LiOH.

1. Definition of LiOH:

LiOH, also known as lithium hydroxide, is a chemical compound belonging to the group of alkali metal hydroxides. In English, it is called Lithium Hydroxide. Lithium hydroxide has a molar mass of 23.95 g/mol, consisting of one lithium atom, one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom. The molecular structure of LiOH is formed from Lithium ion Li+ and Hydroxide ion OH-.

2. Properties of LiOH:

2.1. Physical properties:

LiOH usually appears as a white, odorless solid with a pH> 7, indicating its basic nature.

2.2. Chemical properties:

Lithium hydroxide has the ability to react with acid to form salt and water. It also has the ability to absorb CO₂ gas from the air and create lithium bicarbonate.

3. Common chemical equations with LiOH:

LiOH reacts with hydrochloric acid to form lithium chloride and water: LiOH + HCl -> LiCl + H₂O

LiOH reacts with sulfuric acid to form lithium sulfate and water: LiOH + H₂SO₄ -> Li₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

LiOH reacts with nitric acid to form lithium nitrate and water: LiOH + HNO₃ -> LiNO₃ + H₂O

4. Synthesis of LiOH:

4.1. Laboratory synthesis:

LiOH can be synthesized through the reaction of lithium with water: 2Li + 2H₂O -> 2LiOH + H₂

4.2. Industrial synthesis:

In industry, LiOH is usually produced by reacting lithium carbonate with a solution of calcium hydroxide: Li₂CO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ -> 2LiOH + CaCO₃.