-
Definition of Cu(NH3)2
Cu(NH3)2, also known as Diammincopper(II), is a complex compound of copper with ammonia. In this structure, copper has a valence state of +2 and is linked to two ammonia molecules through the formation of dative bonds. Each nitrogen atom in NH3 has given an electron to form a bond with copper. The atomic mass of Cu is 63.546 and that of NH3 is 14.0067. Therefore, the total mass of Cu(NH3)2 is about 91.56. -
Properties of Cu(NH3)2
2.1 Physical properties of Cu(NH3)2: This complex compound usually exists as a blue liquid with no odor. Its pH can change depending on the concentration of ammonia in the solution.
2.2 Chemical properties of Cu(NH3)2: Cu(NH3)2 is very reactive with strong oxidizing agents, forming copper salts and releasing ammonia. -
Common chemical reactions:
Cu + 2NH3 -> Cu(NH3)2
This complex can react with strong acids such as H2SO4 to form copper sulphate salts and release ammonia:
Cu(NH3)2 + H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + 2NH3 -
Preparation of Cu(NH3)2:
4.1 Laboratory synthesis: Cu(NH3)2 can be synthesized by reacting copper with a concentrated ammonia solution in an alkaline environment.
4.2 Industrial synthesis: In industry, Cu(NH3)2 is produced by reacting copper with ammonia in an alkaline environment at high temperature and pressure.
Note: Cu(NH3)2 is not an actual substance but is a shorthand way to represent the interaction between copper and ammonia in an alkaline environment. In reality, they form more complex complexes such as [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ or [Cu(NH3)2]2+.