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Definition of PCl5
Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) is a chemical compound with a molecular weight of 208.24 g/mol. It is a white solid with a molecular structure consisting of a central Phosphorus (P) atom surrounded by five Chlorine (Cl) atoms forming covalent bonds. PCl5 does not exist as ions in its individual molecules. -
Properties of PCl5
2.1 Physical properties
PCl5 is a white, odorless solid under normal conditions. Its pH cannot be determined as it is a solid that does not dissolve in water.
2.2 Chemical properties
PCl5 is highly reactive, it reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. -
Common chemical equations
Since PCl5 is highly reactive, it can generate various reactions. For instance, it reacts with metals such as sodium (2Na + PCl5 -> 2NaCl + PCl3)orwithacidssuchasH2SO4(PCl5 + H2SO4. Reactions with non-metals and salts are generally not observed in PCl5. -
Synthesis of PCl5
4.1 Laboratory synthesis
PCl5 can be synthesized by reacting white phosphorus with chlorine under high heat conditions.
P4 + 10Cl2 -> 4PCl5.
4.2 Industrial synthesis
In industry, PCl5 is usually produced by stimulating chlorine and phosphorus under high heat.