- Definition of Hf
Hf or Hafnium is an element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72 in the periodic table. Its English name is also Hafnium. The atomic mass of Hf is 178.49 and the atomic weight is 72. Hafnium molecules usually consist of one Hf atom. Under standard conditions, Hf does not form ions.
- Properties of Hf
2.1 Physical properties of Hf
Hafnium is a silver-colored metal with a solid state at room temperature. It does not have a smell and does not have a pH level because it is a metal and does not dissolve in water.
2.2 Chemical properties of Hf
Hafnium mainly reacts to form compounds with sulfur, carbon, nitrogen, and halogens. Hf can also react with oxygen to form HfO2.
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Common chemical equations of Hf
As Hf is a metal, it can participate in reactions such as:
Hf + O2 -> HfO2
Hf + 2H2 -> HfH2
Hf + 2S -> HfS2 -
Preparation of Hf
4.1 Laboratory preparation of Hf
Hafnium is typically not prepared in the laboratory because the process is quite complicated and requires specialized equipment.
4.2 Industrial preparation of Hf
In industry, Hafnium is typically extracted from zirconium minerals such as zircon and baddeleyite. This process involves separating zirconium and hafnium using organic solvents and acids.