- Definition of LiOH:
LiOH, also known as lithium hydroxide, is a chemical compound belonging to the group of alkali metal hydroxides. In English, it is called Lithium Hydroxide. Lithium hydroxide has a molar mass of 23.95 g/mol, consisting of one lithium atom, one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom. The molecular structure of LiOH is formed from Lithium ion Li+ and Hydroxide ion OH-.
- Properties of LiOH:
2.1. Physical properties:
LiOH usually appears as a white, odorless solid with a pH> 7, indicating its basic nature.
2.2. Chemical properties:
Lithium hydroxide has the ability to react with acid to form salt and water. It also has the ability to absorb CO2 gas from the air and create lithium bicarbonate.
- Common chemical equations with LiOH:
LiOH reacts with hydrochloric acid to form lithium chloride and water: LiOH + HCl -> LiCl + H2O
LiOH reacts with sulfuric acid to form lithium sulfate and water: LiOH + H2SO4 -> Li2SO4 + 2H2O
LiOH reacts with nitric acid to form lithium nitrate and water: LiOH + HNO3 -> LiNO3 + H2O
- Synthesis of LiOH:
4.1. Laboratory synthesis:
LiOH can be synthesized through the reaction of lithium with water: 2Li + 2H2O -> 2LiOH + H2
4.2. Industrial synthesis:
In industry, LiOH is usually produced by reacting lithium carbonate with a solution of calcium hydroxide: Li2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 -> 2LiOH + CaCO3.