What is HClO3? Important knowledge about HClO3

1. Definition of HClO₃

1.1 Name: HClO₃ is commonly known as chloric acid. Its English name is Chloric Acid.
1.2 Atomic mass: HClO₃ has an atomic mass of 84.46 Dalton units.
1.3 Atomic composition: HClO₃ consists of 1 hydrogen atom (H), 1 chlorine atom (Cl), and 3 oxygen atoms (O).
1.4 Ion composition: When dissolved in water, HClO₃ dissociates into H+ ions and ClO₃- ions.

2. Properties of HClO₃
   2.1 Physical properties: HClO₃ is a colorless and odorless liquid. Its pH is very low, ranging between 1-2, indicating that it is a strong acid.
   2.2 Chemical properties: HClO₃ has a strong oxidation capacity, can react with many metals and nonmetals to form oxides and salts.

3. Common chemical equations

   • HClO₃ + NaOH -> NaClO₃ + H₂O
   • HClO₃ + Zn -> Zn(ClO₃)₂ + H₂
   • HClO₃ + Cu -> Cu(ClO₃)₂ + H₂
   • HClO₃ + Fe -> Fe(ClO₃)₃ + H₂
   • HClO₃ + Mg -> Mg(ClO₃)₂ + H₂

4. Synthesis of HClO₃
   4.1 Laboratory synthesis: To synthesize chloric acid, a solution of chlorine water can be added gradually to a solution of acetic acid.
   4.2 Industrial synthesis: On an industrial scale, chloric acid is typically produced through the electrolysis of salt water.