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Definition of H3PO4:
H3PO4, or phosphoric acid, is a strong diprotic acid. It is also known by its English name, Phosphoric Acid. H3PO4 consists of 3 Hydrogen atoms, 1 Phosphorus atom, and 4 Oxygen atoms. The atomic mass of H3PO4 is 98, corresponding to the total atomic mass of the constituent atoms. The molecular structure of H3PO4 clearly demonstrates its acidic properties, with 3 Hydrogen atoms capable of being dissociated to form H+ ions. -
Properties of H3PO4:
2.1 Physical properties: Under standard conditions, H3PO4 is a colorless liquid, with a distinctive smell, and a viscous consistency. The pH level of H3PO4, which lies between 1 to 3, reflects its strong acidic nature.
2.2 Chemical properties: H3PO4 can react with metals, acids, non-metals, and salts. -
Common chemical equations of H3PO4: H3PO4 readily reacts with metals such as Mg, Zn, Fe… as well as non-metals like S, P… to form salts and gas.
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Preparation of H3PO4:
4.1 Laboratory preparation: H3PO4 is commonly prepared by dissolving phosphorus in dilute nitric acid, followed by further reaction with water.
4.2 Industrial preparation: In the industry, H3PO4 is produced by burning phosphorus in air, followed by leading the gas into water.