What is HCl? Important knowledge about HCl.

1. Definition of HCl

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a type of strong, colorless acid with a distinctive smell and is a poisonous liquid. It is composed of a hydrogen atom (H) and a chlorine atom (Cl). It is also known by its English name, Hydrochloric acid.

1.1 Names
1.1.1 Common name: Hydrochloric acid
1.1.2 English name: Hydrochloric acid
1.2. Atomic mass: Cl: 35, H: 1
1.3. Molecular weight: 36.46 g/mol
1.3.1 Molecular structure: HCl
1.4 Ionic structure: H+ and Cl-

2. Properties: HCl

2.1 Physical properties of HCl
State: liquid
Color: colorless
Smell: distinctive, quite characteristic
pH level: < 7 2.2 Chemical properties of HCl: very strong and has the ability to react with various types of other materials.

3. Common chemical equations of HCl
   Metal reaction [If any]
   Provide 5 examples [If any]
   Acid reaction [If any]
   Provide 5 examples [If any]
   Non-metal reaction [If any]
   Provide 5 examples [If any]
   Reaction with salt [If any]
   Provide 5 examples

4. Preparation of HCl

4.1 Laboratory preparation of HCl
HCl is usually prepared in the laboratory by reacting chlorine gas with hydrogen.
4.2 Industrial preparation of HCl
In industry, HCl is commonly produced through the catalytic process from methane and chlorine, or from the decomposition of ammonium chloride salt.