- Definition of Cl:
Chlorine, symbolized as Cl, is a chemical element with the proton number of 17 in the periodic table. Its English name is Chlorine. The atomic mass of Chlorine is 35.5, and the atomic weight is also 35.5. Chlorine has a molecular structure of Cl2, consisting of 2 Cl atoms combined together. Chlorine can form an ion Cl- when it accepts an additional electron.
- Properties of Cl:
2.1 Physical properties: Chlorine is in the gaseous state under standard conditions, and it has a light green color. The smell of Chlorine is quite distinctive, slightly bitter and unpleasant. Chlorine gas is weakly acidic so the pH of water containing Chlorine is low.
2.2 Chemical properties: Chlorine easily reacts with metals, non-metals, and acids, forming compounds containing Cl.
- Common chemical equations:
3.1 With metals: Chlorine can react with many metals such as iron, copper, zinc,… to form chemical compounds like FeCl3, CuCl2, ZnCl2,…
3.2 With acids: Chlorine can react with sulfuric acid to produce sulfate salts and Chlorine gas.
3.3 With non-metals: Chlorine can also react with non-metals such as hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus to produce compounds like HCl, SCl2, PCl5,…
3.4 With salts: Chlorine can react with salts such as NaCl, KCl,…
- Synthesis of Cl:
4.1 In the lab, Chlorine is often synthesized by electrolyzing a salt solution or reacting manganese dioxide with hydrochloric acid.
4.2 On an industrial scale, Chlorine is produced by electrolyzing sulfate salts or chloride salts.