- Definition of Al:
Aluminium (Al) is a chemical element belonging to group 13 (group IIIA) in the periodic table. It has a proton number of 13 and an atomic mass of 27u.
1.1 Names:
1.1.1 Common name: Aluminium
1.1.2 English name: Aluminum (US) or Aluminium (UK)
1.2 Atomic mass: 27g/mol
1.3 Molecular structure: Al is an element, so its original molecule is Al.
1.4 Ion structure: Al usually forms Al3+ ion in chemical reactions.
- Properties of Al:
2.1 Physical properties of Al:
State: solid
Color: silvery white
Odor: odorless
PH: undetermined
2.2 Chemical properties of Al: Al can react with acids and bases to form salts and hydrogen gas. It can also react with oxygen in the air to form a thin layer of Al2O3 on the surface, which helps protect the material from corrosion.
- Common chemical equations of Al:
3.1 Al + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + H2
3.2 Al + 3HNO3 -> Al(NO3)3 + 3H2
3.3 2Al + 3Cl2 -> 2AlCl3
3.4 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
3.5 Al + 4HNO3 -> Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
- Synthesis of Al:
4.1 Laboratory synthesis of Al: Al cannot be synthesized in the normal laboratory because this process requires high temperature and pressure.
4.2 Industrial synthesis of Al: Al is usually synthesized from bauxite, a mineral containing Al2O3, through the Bayer process and the Hall-Heroult process.