- Definition of KNO3:
1.1 Names:
KNO3 is known as Nitrat kali in Vietnamese and Potassium nitrate in English.
1.2 Atomic composition:
KNO3 consists of three types of atoms: potassium (K), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O).
1.3 Atomic mass:
Potassium (K) has an atomic mass of 39, Nitrogen (N) has an atomic mass of 14, and Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of 16.
1.4 Ion structure:
KNO3 has an ion structure of the complex ion type, in which potassium (K) forms the K+ ion and nitrate (NO3) forms the NO3- ion.
- Properties of KNO3:
2.1 Physical properties of KNO3:
KNO3 is solid, colorless, odorless, and has a neutral PH.
2.2 Chemical properties of KNO3:
KNO3 has the ability to thermally decompose into KNO2 and O2. It can also react with strong acids to produce other potassium salts.
- Common chemical equations of KNO3:
Metal reaction: KNO3 does not usually react with metals.
Acid reaction: KNO3 can react with hydrochloric acid to form potassium chloride and nitric acid.
Non-metal reaction: KNO3 does not usually react with non-metals.
Reaction with salts: KNO3 can react with sodium chloride to form potassium chloride and sodium nitrate.
- Preparation of KNO3:
4.1 Laboratory preparation of KNO3:
KNO3 can be prepared in the lab by heating potassium chloride with nitric acid.
4.2 Industrial preparation of KNO3:
On an industrial scale, KNO3 is typically produced by dissolving sodium nitrate in water, then adding potassium chloride to the solution. KNO3 precipitates out and is collected through the evaporation process.